Explain the molecular structure and properties of phosphorus trichloride $(PCl_{3})$.
(N/A) Molecular Structure of $PCl_{3}$:
$PCl_{3}$ has a trigonal pyramidal shape,similar to ammonia $(NH_{3})$.
The phosphorus atom is $sp^{3}$ hybridized and contains one lone pair of electrons.
Properties of $PCl_{3}$:
$1$. It is a colourless,oily liquid.
$2$. It undergoes hydrolysis in the presence of moisture:
$PCl_{3} + 3H_{2}O \rightarrow H_{3}PO_{3} + 3HCl$
$3$. It reacts with organic compounds containing the hydroxyl $(-OH)$ group,such as carboxylic acids and alcohols:
$3CH_{3}COOH + PCl_{3} \rightarrow 3CH_{3}COCl + H_{3}PO_{3}$
$3C_{2}H_{5}OH + PCl_{3} \rightarrow 3C_{2}H_{5}Cl + H_{3}PO_{3}$
$PCl_{3}$ has a trigonal pyramidal shape,similar to ammonia $(NH_{3})$.
The phosphorus atom is $sp^{3}$ hybridized and contains one lone pair of electrons.
Properties of $PCl_{3}$:
$1$. It is a colourless,oily liquid.
$2$. It undergoes hydrolysis in the presence of moisture:
$PCl_{3} + 3H_{2}O \rightarrow H_{3}PO_{3} + 3HCl$
$3$. It reacts with organic compounds containing the hydroxyl $(-OH)$ group,such as carboxylic acids and alcohols:
$3CH_{3}COOH + PCl_{3} \rightarrow 3CH_{3}COCl + H_{3}PO_{3}$
$3C_{2}H_{5}OH + PCl_{3} \rightarrow 3C_{2}H_{5}Cl + H_{3}PO_{3}$
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